Property ROI Calculator Australia

See what your investment property actually returns on the cash you put in. This calculator includes loan leverage and capital growth — the things rental yield ignores — to give you a year-1 cash-on-cash return, a total ROI over your holding period, and an annualised return figure you can compare against any other investment.

Property & Finance

Under 20% usually requires LMI — include in acquisition costs

Stamp duty + conveyancing + inspections + LMI if applicable

Interest-only assumption (principal repayments increase your equity, not your return)

Rental Income

Rates, insurance, strata, management, maintenance. Excl. loan interest.

Growth Assumptions

AU long-term average: ~5–6%. Conservative: 3–4%.

Agent commission + marketing. Typical 2–3%.

Year 1 cash-on-cash return
-9.11%
Cash invested: $205,000 · Year 1 cashflow: -$18,680

Year 1 Breakdown

Annual rent$30,000
Operating expenses-$9,000
Loan interest-$39,680
Pre-tax cashflow-$18,680

End of Year 10 (Sale)

Property value$1,184,195
Selling costs-$29,605
Loan balance-$640,000
Net sale proceeds$514,591
Cumulative cashflow-$156,059
Less: cash originally invested-$205,000
Total net return$153,532

Total ROI

Leveraged
74.89%
5.75% p.a.
Unlevered (cash buy)
65.13%
5.14% p.a.
Leverage adds 0.61% p.a.
Year-by-year breakdown
YearValueRentInterestCashflowCumulative
1$832,000$30,000$39,680-$18,680-$18,680
2$865,280$30,900$39,680-$18,050-$36,730
3$899,891$31,827$39,680-$17,401-$54,131
4$935,887$32,782$39,680-$16,733-$70,864
5$973,322$33,765$39,680-$16,044-$86,908
6$1,012,255$34,778$39,680-$15,335-$102,243
7$1,052,745$35,822$39,680-$14,605-$116,848
8$1,094,855$36,896$39,680-$13,853-$130,701
9$1,138,649$38,003$39,680-$13,078-$143,779
10$1,184,195$39,143$39,680-$12,280-$156,059
Next step: This calculator is pre-tax. To add negative gearing benefits, depreciation, and CGT, model the full after-tax position or project with negative gearing.

ROI Formula

Cash Invested = Deposit + Stamp Duty + Other Acquisition Costs

Year 1 Cash-on-Cash = (Annual Rent − Expenses − Loan Interest) / Cash Invested × 100

Total Net Return = Net Sale Proceeds + Cumulative Cashflow − Cash Invested

Annualised Return = (Final Equity / Cash Invested)1/years − 1

Worked Example: 10-Year Hold

A $800,000 Sydney property, 20% deposit ($160,000), $45,000 in acquisition costs. Weekly rent $600 × 50 weeks = $30,000. Annual expenses $9,000. Loan $640,000 at 6.2% interest-only = $39,680 interest. Assumes 4% capital growth, 3% rent growth, 2.5% selling costs, 10-year hold.

  • Cash invested: $205,000
  • Year 1 cashflow: $30,000 − $9,000 − $39,680 = -$18,680
  • Year 1 cash-on-cash: -9.1% (holding cost)
  • Property value year 10: $1,184,000 (4% p.a.)
  • Net sale proceeds: $1,184,000 − 2.5% selling − $640k loan = $514,400
  • Cumulative cashflow (10yr): roughly -$130,000
  • Total net return: $514,400 − $130,000 − $205,000 = $179,400
  • Total ROI: ~87%, annualised ~6.5% p.a.

This example shows why capital growth matters so much in AU property: the investor absorbs 10 years of negative cashflow, but leverage amplifies the growth on $800k (not just $205k invested) to produce an acceptable return.

When Property ROI Beats ETFs

  • Strong growth markets — 5%+ capital growth with modest cashflow drag easily beats ETF benchmarks once leveraged.
  • Long holds — transaction costs (stamp duty + selling) are amortised over more years.
  • Value-add — renovations, subdivision, or zoning changes boost ROI beyond raw market growth.
  • Tax benefits — negative gearing and depreciation convert cashflow drag into tax deductions. This is the additional upside not modelled here.

Frequently asked questions

What is ROI on an investment property?
Return on Investment (ROI) measures the total return on the cash you actually invested — deposit plus stamp duty and other acquisition costs. It includes both annual cashflow and capital growth at sale, divided by your original cash outlay. This differs from rental yield, which ignores capital growth and leverage.
What is cash-on-cash return?
Cash-on-cash return is annual pre-tax cashflow (rent minus expenses minus loan interest) divided by the cash you invested. It's a first-year snapshot that tells you whether the property pays you now, or needs capital growth to justify the investment. Negative cash-on-cash is common in Australian capital cities and is acceptable if long-term growth is expected.
Why compare leveraged vs unlevered returns?
Leverage magnifies both returns and risk. In a strong capital growth market, a 20% deposit earns capital growth on 100% of the property value, turbo-charging ROI. In a flat or declining market, leverage works the other way. This calculator shows both so you can see what the borrowing actually contributes.
What capital growth rate should I assume?
Australian residential property has averaged around 5–6% per annum over the long term, though individual suburbs vary widely. Be conservative — 3–4% for planning purposes is safer than assuming historical averages continue. CoreLogic and Domain publish suburb-level growth data to sense-check your assumption.
Does this include tax benefits like negative gearing?
No. This is a pre-tax ROI calculator focused on the property's underlying economics. To model negative gearing savings, depreciation deductions, and capital gains tax on sale, use our investment property calculator or negative gearing calculator.
Why interest-only loan assumption?
Interest-only gives a cleaner ROI picture because principal repayments increase your equity but reduce your cashflow — effectively you're moving cash from one pocket to another, not earning a return. Most investors use interest-only loans for exactly this reason. If you're using principal-and-interest, your cashflow will be lower but ending equity higher; net position is similar.
What is a 'good' property ROI in Australia?
Long-term, a diversified ETF portfolio returns around 8–10% p.a. To beat that, a leveraged property investment typically needs 4%+ capital growth plus a manageable cashflow drag. Annualised returns above 10% p.a. over 10+ years are considered strong. Anything under 5% p.a. is underperforming passive investments.

Tax Accuracy & Sources

Reviewed: March 2026 · Tax year: 2025-26

This calculator is pre-tax and uses interest-only loan mechanics. It models compound capital and rent growth based on your assumptions. Actual returns depend on market conditions, individual tax positions, and time-varying loan rates.


Last updated 17 April 2026 Tax year 2025-26

Data sources: ATO (ato.gov.au), Services Australia

This tool is general information only, not financial advice.

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